Prophecy News Watch provided by Worthy Ministries
Prophecy News Watch is a service hosted by Worthy Ministries to provide Christians daily news from a Biblical, and yet Prophetic worldview. Our news is gathered by our Christian News Service, Worthy News. For more about our vision for how we assemble our daily headlines, please read, "What is Worthy News?"
Around the World
Trump Unveils Sweeping Tariff Increases on Global Imports, Targets Brazil Over Bolsonaro Trial
President Donald Trump on Wednesday announced a sweeping escalation in his global tariff policy, issuing formal letters to eight more countries warning that steep import duties will take effect on August 1 unless new trade agreements are reached. The move marks the latest salvo in Trump's aggressive "America First" trade agenda, which he says is designed to correct decades of unfair trade practices and ballooning U.S. deficits.
Russia Unleashes Record Drone Strike on Ukraine as Trump Restarts Weapons Shipments
Russia has launched the largest aerial assault of the war so far, bombarding Ukraine with a record-breaking 728 drones and 13 missiles overnight—an attack that Ukrainian officials say was designed to send a clear message in response to the Trump administration’s renewed military support for Kyiv.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Hostage Deal Nearing Final Stage as Israel, Hamas Haggle Over IDF Presence in Gaza During Ceasefire
Negotiations between Israel and Hamas are inching toward a potential 60-day ceasefire and hostage release deal, but a core dispute remains unresolved: the deployment of Israeli troops in Gaza throughout the truce period. While both sides agree that significant progress has been made, talks in Doha are intensifying over troop presence, humanitarian aid delivery, and the long-term status of the war.
IDF Raids in Southern Lebanon Target Hezbollah Weapon Sites and Infrastructure
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) confirmed Wednesday that it has conducted a series of targeted ground operations in southern Lebanon aimed at dismantling Hezbollah's military presence and preventing the Iran-backed terror group from re-establishing infrastructure near the border. The raids, described as "special, targeted operations," were carried out over the past several days in response to repeated ceasefire violations by Hezbollah.
Inside the United States
Supreme Court Clears Path for Trump Administration to Proceed with Federal Workforce Cuts
The Supreme Court on Tuesday lifted a lower court injunction that had blocked the Trump administration from carrying out mass layoffs and sweeping structural changes across the federal government, allowing the president’s ambitious reorganization plan to move forward while litigation continues.
Trump Administration Launches Crackdown on Chinese Ownership of U.S. Farmland
In a sweeping move to safeguard America's agricultural integrity and national security, the Trump administration has unveiled a comprehensive action plan to ban Chinese ownership of U.S. farmland and root out foreign influence in the agricultural sector.
Attacks Against Ice Up 700%, 10 Arrested In ‘Planned Ambush’ In North Texas
Ten people have been arrested so far in a “planned ambush” of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers in north Texas.
FBI Opens Criminal Investigations into Brennan and Comey Over Alleged Role in Steele Dossier and Trump-Russia Probe
The FBI has launched criminal investigations into former CIA Director John Brennan and former FBI Director James Comey over their alleged roles in promoting the discredited Steele Dossier during the 2016 presidential transition, sources familiar with the matter told Fox News.
Christian News
Governor of West Java Demands Justice After Muslim Mob Attacks Christian Retreat
Despite a previously signed agreement by Christian leaders to avoid legal action, the governor of West Java has called for full prosecution of a violent June 27 mob attack on a Christian youth retreat, describing it as a "serious criminal matter" that must not go unpunished.
Scores Killed In Nigeria After Massacres Of Christians
At least 70 people were killed and many others injured in north-central Nigeria as suspected Muslim “bandits” ambushed vigilantes in charge of protecting residents, Christians, and other sources said Tuesday.
Texas Churches Mourning Death of Schoolgirls; Over 110 Killed In Flooding
Churches in the U.S. state of Texas were among those impacted by devastating flooding, with officials confirming that more than 110 people had died while more than 170 others remained missing Tuesday.
Worthy Insights
Trump Cabinet Prays for Texas as Rescuers Race to Find 160 Missing Flood Victims
Texas Gov. Greg Abbott shared a staggering new number on Tuesday evening, revealing that more than 160 people are still missing after the state's catastrophic floods. At least 110 people are now known to have been killed by the disaster.
Trump Unveils Sweeping Tariff Increases on Global Imports, Targets Brazil Over Bolsonaro Trial
President Donald Trump on Wednesday announced a sweeping escalation in his global tariff policy, issuing formal letters to eight more countries warning that steep import duties will take effect on August 1 unless new trade agreements are reached. The move marks the latest salvo in Trump's aggressive "America First" trade agenda, which he says is designed to correct decades of unfair trade practices and ballooning U.S. deficits.
Russia Unleashes Record Drone Strike on Ukraine as Trump Restarts Weapons Shipments
Russia has launched the largest aerial assault of the war so far, bombarding Ukraine with a record-breaking 728 drones and 13 missiles overnight—an attack that Ukrainian officials say was designed to send a clear message in response to the Trump administration’s renewed military support for Kyiv.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Hostage Deal Nearing Final Stage as Israel, Hamas Haggle Over IDF Presence in Gaza During Ceasefire
Negotiations between Israel and Hamas are inching toward a potential 60-day ceasefire and hostage release deal, but a core dispute remains unresolved: the deployment of Israeli troops in Gaza throughout the truce period. While both sides agree that significant progress has been made, talks in Doha are intensifying over troop presence, humanitarian aid delivery, and the long-term status of the war.
IDF Raids in Southern Lebanon Target Hezbollah Weapon Sites and Infrastructure
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) confirmed Wednesday that it has conducted a series of targeted ground operations in southern Lebanon aimed at dismantling Hezbollah's military presence and preventing the Iran-backed terror group from re-establishing infrastructure near the border. The raids, described as "special, targeted operations," were carried out over the past several days in response to repeated ceasefire violations by Hezbollah.
Inside the United States
Supreme Court Clears Path for Trump Administration to Proceed with Federal Workforce Cuts
The Supreme Court on Tuesday lifted a lower court injunction that had blocked the Trump administration from carrying out mass layoffs and sweeping structural changes across the federal government, allowing the president’s ambitious reorganization plan to move forward while litigation continues.
Trump Administration Launches Crackdown on Chinese Ownership of U.S. Farmland
In a sweeping move to safeguard America's agricultural integrity and national security, the Trump administration has unveiled a comprehensive action plan to ban Chinese ownership of U.S. farmland and root out foreign influence in the agricultural sector.
Attacks Against Ice Up 700%, 10 Arrested In ‘Planned Ambush’ In North Texas
Ten people have been arrested so far in a “planned ambush” of U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers in north Texas.
FBI Opens Criminal Investigations into Brennan and Comey Over Alleged Role in Steele Dossier and Trump-Russia Probe
The FBI has launched criminal investigations into former CIA Director John Brennan and former FBI Director James Comey over their alleged roles in promoting the discredited Steele Dossier during the 2016 presidential transition, sources familiar with the matter told Fox News.
Christian News
Governor of West Java Demands Justice After Muslim Mob Attacks Christian Retreat
Despite a previously signed agreement by Christian leaders to avoid legal action, the governor of West Java has called for full prosecution of a violent June 27 mob attack on a Christian youth retreat, describing it as a "serious criminal matter" that must not go unpunished.
Scores Killed In Nigeria After Massacres Of Christians
At least 70 people were killed and many others injured in north-central Nigeria as suspected Muslim “bandits” ambushed vigilantes in charge of protecting residents, Christians, and other sources said Tuesday.
Texas Churches Mourning Death of Schoolgirls; Over 110 Killed In Flooding
Churches in the U.S. state of Texas were among those impacted by devastating flooding, with officials confirming that more than 110 people had died while more than 170 others remained missing Tuesday.
Worthy Insights
Trump Cabinet Prays for Texas as Rescuers Race to Find 160 Missing Flood Victims
Texas Gov. Greg Abbott shared a staggering new number on Tuesday evening, revealing that more than 160 people are still missing after the state's catastrophic floods. At least 110 people are now known to have been killed by the disaster.
Around the World
Trump Defends Bolsonaro, Slams Brazil’s Coup Trial as ‘Witch Hunt’
U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday issued a blistering statement condemning the ongoing prosecution of former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, calling the legal proceedings a politically motivated "WITCH HUNT" and warning the Lula administration against targeting a "leader who fought for THE PEOPLE."
Trump Reverses Course, Vows More Weapons for Ukraine Amid Escalating Russian Attacks
President Donald Trump announced Monday that the United States will resume and expand military support to Ukraine, signaling a sharp shift in policy just days after a Pentagon-ordered pause in weapons shipments had drawn concern from Kyiv and allies in Europe.
Hungary Bans Crypto Trading For Most (Worthy News Investigation)
Hungary has become the first European Union nation to effectively ban cryptocurrency trading for most people, prompting Revolut, one of Europe’s largest online-only banks, to suspend its crypto services in the country.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Trump, Netanyahu Unveil Controversial Postwar Gaza Vision Amid Ceasefire Push and Regional Strikes
President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Monday unveiled the contours of an ambitious and controversial postwar vision for Gaza that includes the creation of a luxury "Gazan Riviera," population relocation efforts, and sweeping reconstruction projects tied to U.S.-Gulf investments -- all while ceasefire negotiations with Hamas remain deadlocked.
Iranian Missiles Struck Five Israeli Military Bases During 12-Day War, Satellite Data Reveals
Previously undisclosed satellite radar data shows that Iranian missiles directly struck five Israeli military installations during the recent 12-day war between Israel and Iran, according to an exclusive report from The Telegraph. The findings, derived from radar imaging by Oregon State University researchers, suggest a more extensive impact on Israeli military infrastructure than publicly acknowledged by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
Inside the United States
Federal Judge Halts Medicaid Defunding Provision Targeting Planned Parenthood in Trump-Backed Spending Law
A federal judge has temporarily blocked the Trump administration from enforcing a controversial provision in the newly passed "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" that would have cut off Medicaid reimbursements to Planned Parenthood clinics for one year.
U.S. Tariff Revenue Projected to Exceed $300 Billion in 2025, Inflation Unaffected, Treasury Says
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced Tuesday that the United States is on track to collect more than $300 billion in tariff revenue this year, a major milestone in President Trump's America First trade agenda.
USAID Shipped 11,000 Virus Samples to Wuhan Lab Without Formal Agreement or Oversight, Documents Reveal
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) facilitated the transfer of nearly 11,000 virus samples from Yunnan Province to the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) over a 10-year period, despite having no formal agreement in place with the controversial lab, according to newly released documents obtained through a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit.
IRS Says Churches Can Endorse Political Candidates Without Losing Tax-Exempt Status
In a landmark shift with far-reaching implications for the intersection of religion and politics, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has formally stated that churches and other houses of worship may endorse political candidates during religious services without jeopardizing their tax-exempt nonprofit status.
Christian News
US Watchdog: Syrian Government Allies Continue Deadly Attacks Against Christians and Other Minorities (Worthy News In-Depth)
The U.S. government’s watchdog investigating persecution of Christians and other religious groups has warned that allies of Syria’s government and other groups continue their deadly crackdown on Christians and other minorities, including Druze and Shia Muslims.
Worthy Insights
Karoline Leavitt’s Response to Peter Doocy’s Epstein Client List Question Doesn’t Go Over Well
Some conservatives are calling for Attorney General Pam Bondi to resign after indicating earlier this year that she had the so-called “Epstein List” on her desk.
US revokes terror label for Syria’s HTS after it toppled Assad; Christian group decries ‘injustice’
The United States government has revoked its designation of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) as a foreign terrorist organization, seven months after the group overthrew Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and seized control of Damascus, drawing concern from a Christian advoacy group.
Christian Camp Director Hailed as Hero for ‘Last Act of Kindness and Sacrifice’ by Saving Girl
As the search continues for the dozens of people still missing in central Texas after devastating floods pounded the region, the director of Camp Mystic is being hailed as a hero for giving his life as he attempted to save others.
Trump Defends Bolsonaro, Slams Brazil’s Coup Trial as ‘Witch Hunt’
U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday issued a blistering statement condemning the ongoing prosecution of former Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro, calling the legal proceedings a politically motivated "WITCH HUNT" and warning the Lula administration against targeting a "leader who fought for THE PEOPLE."
Trump Reverses Course, Vows More Weapons for Ukraine Amid Escalating Russian Attacks
President Donald Trump announced Monday that the United States will resume and expand military support to Ukraine, signaling a sharp shift in policy just days after a Pentagon-ordered pause in weapons shipments had drawn concern from Kyiv and allies in Europe.
Hungary Bans Crypto Trading For Most (Worthy News Investigation)
Hungary has become the first European Union nation to effectively ban cryptocurrency trading for most people, prompting Revolut, one of Europe’s largest online-only banks, to suspend its crypto services in the country.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Trump, Netanyahu Unveil Controversial Postwar Gaza Vision Amid Ceasefire Push and Regional Strikes
President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu on Monday unveiled the contours of an ambitious and controversial postwar vision for Gaza that includes the creation of a luxury "Gazan Riviera," population relocation efforts, and sweeping reconstruction projects tied to U.S.-Gulf investments -- all while ceasefire negotiations with Hamas remain deadlocked.
Iranian Missiles Struck Five Israeli Military Bases During 12-Day War, Satellite Data Reveals
Previously undisclosed satellite radar data shows that Iranian missiles directly struck five Israeli military installations during the recent 12-day war between Israel and Iran, according to an exclusive report from The Telegraph. The findings, derived from radar imaging by Oregon State University researchers, suggest a more extensive impact on Israeli military infrastructure than publicly acknowledged by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
Inside the United States
Federal Judge Halts Medicaid Defunding Provision Targeting Planned Parenthood in Trump-Backed Spending Law
A federal judge has temporarily blocked the Trump administration from enforcing a controversial provision in the newly passed "One Big Beautiful Bill Act" that would have cut off Medicaid reimbursements to Planned Parenthood clinics for one year.
U.S. Tariff Revenue Projected to Exceed $300 Billion in 2025, Inflation Unaffected, Treasury Says
Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent announced Tuesday that the United States is on track to collect more than $300 billion in tariff revenue this year, a major milestone in President Trump's America First trade agenda.
USAID Shipped 11,000 Virus Samples to Wuhan Lab Without Formal Agreement or Oversight, Documents Reveal
The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) facilitated the transfer of nearly 11,000 virus samples from Yunnan Province to the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) over a 10-year period, despite having no formal agreement in place with the controversial lab, according to newly released documents obtained through a Freedom of Information Act lawsuit.
IRS Says Churches Can Endorse Political Candidates Without Losing Tax-Exempt Status
In a landmark shift with far-reaching implications for the intersection of religion and politics, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has formally stated that churches and other houses of worship may endorse political candidates during religious services without jeopardizing their tax-exempt nonprofit status.
Christian News
US Watchdog: Syrian Government Allies Continue Deadly Attacks Against Christians and Other Minorities (Worthy News In-Depth)
The U.S. government’s watchdog investigating persecution of Christians and other religious groups has warned that allies of Syria’s government and other groups continue their deadly crackdown on Christians and other minorities, including Druze and Shia Muslims.
Worthy Insights
Karoline Leavitt’s Response to Peter Doocy’s Epstein Client List Question Doesn’t Go Over Well
Some conservatives are calling for Attorney General Pam Bondi to resign after indicating earlier this year that she had the so-called “Epstein List” on her desk.
US revokes terror label for Syria’s HTS after it toppled Assad; Christian group decries ‘injustice’
The United States government has revoked its designation of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) as a foreign terrorist organization, seven months after the group overthrew Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and seized control of Damascus, drawing concern from a Christian advoacy group.
Christian Camp Director Hailed as Hero for ‘Last Act of Kindness and Sacrifice’ by Saving Girl
As the search continues for the dozens of people still missing in central Texas after devastating floods pounded the region, the director of Camp Mystic is being hailed as a hero for giving his life as he attempted to save others.
Around the World
Budapest Police ‘Won’t Prosecute’ Pride Participants Despite Ban
Budapest police said Monday they won’t prosecute participants in the recent Budapest Pride march, which the government had banned.
BRICS Condemns Tariff Hikes and Attacks on Iran, Avoids Direct Criticism of Trump as Trade Tensions Escalate
The BRICS bloc of emerging economies issued a pointed yet cautious declaration Sunday condemning rising global tariffs and foreign attacks on Iran, while notably avoiding any direct criticism of U.S. President Donald Trump—despite his announcement of an additional 10% tariff on nations aligning with what he termed “Anti-American policies of BRICS.”
Trump Moves to Tighten Trade Pressure as Tariff Deadline Looms
President Donald Trump is entering a decisive week in his global trade push, aiming to finalize several long-delayed deals before a major round of tariffs hits dozens of U.S. trading partners. With a 90-day pause on his reciprocal tariff policy set to expire July 9, Trump has vowed to escalate pressure on foreign governments -- not just with levies, but with a wave of formal notices set to begin Monday.
Khamenei Reemerges on Sacred Shiite Day, Framing War as Spiritual Triumph
Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei made his first public appearance Saturday since the outbreak of the 12-day war between Iran and Israel, emerging during a somber Ashura ceremony in Tehran after weeks of seclusion that raised questions about his health and security.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Netanyahu Hails Trump Partnership in White House Dinner Focused on Iran, Gaza, and Abraham Accords
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised his partnership with U.S. President Donald Trump as the two leaders met for a high-stakes dinner at the White House, marking a pivotal moment in U.S.-Israel cooperation following coordinated strikes on Iran and a renewed push for a Gaza cease-fire.
Lebanon Responds to U.S. Disarmament Plan as Tensions Flare with Israel
In a pivotal development for the region, Lebanon's new leadership has submitted a detailed response to a U.S. proposal aimed at disarming Hezbollah and de-escalating hostilities with Israel. The plan, delivered last month by U.S. special envoy Thomas Barrack, outlines a four-month timeline for Hezbollah's full disarmament in exchange for an Israeli withdrawal from southern Lebanon and a cessation of airstrikes.
Israel Launches ‘Operation Black Flag’ Against Houthi Ports in Yemen Following Red Sea Ship Attack
Israel launched a series of airstrikes overnight targeting Iranian-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen, after a suspected Houthi drone boat assault on a commercial ship in the Red Sea. The IDF confirmed the strikes as part of a new military campaign dubbed Operation Black Flag, aimed at crippling Houthi terror infrastructure and curbing the group's maritime threat.
Inside the United States
Trump Administration Releases Memo Debunking Epstein Murder and Blackmail Theories
The Trump administration's Department of Justice and FBI have officially concluded there is no evidence that convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein was murdered, blackmailed powerful elites, or kept a hidden "client list," according to a two-page memo obtained by Axios. The findings, based on a years-long federal investigation, aim to silence long-standing conspiracy theories surrounding Epstein's 2019 death in federal custody.
Dozens Of Christian Summer Campers Dead In Texas Flooding; Prayers Urged (Video)
Some 27 campers and counsellors are dead after flooding at Camp Mystic, a Christian summer camp in the U.S. state of Texas that had encouraged young people to maintain faith in Christ.
Christian News
Pakistan: Christian Schoolboy Beaten For Drinking Water From ‘Muslim Teacher’s Glass’
A Christian schoolboy is recovering after he was beaten by his Muslim female teacher for drinking water from her glass at a school in Pakistan’s Punjab province, Christians told Worthy News.
Worthy Insights
Archaeologist says Atlantis ruins found near Cadiz; giant tsunami likely caused its destruction
An archaeologist named Michael Donnellan announced a discovery that he believes could be the legendary lost city of Atlantis. Donnellan asserted that he found submerged structures off the coast of Cádiz, Spain, which correspond closely with the descriptions given by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato.
Budapest Police ‘Won’t Prosecute’ Pride Participants Despite Ban
Budapest police said Monday they won’t prosecute participants in the recent Budapest Pride march, which the government had banned.
BRICS Condemns Tariff Hikes and Attacks on Iran, Avoids Direct Criticism of Trump as Trade Tensions Escalate
The BRICS bloc of emerging economies issued a pointed yet cautious declaration Sunday condemning rising global tariffs and foreign attacks on Iran, while notably avoiding any direct criticism of U.S. President Donald Trump—despite his announcement of an additional 10% tariff on nations aligning with what he termed “Anti-American policies of BRICS.”
Trump Moves to Tighten Trade Pressure as Tariff Deadline Looms
President Donald Trump is entering a decisive week in his global trade push, aiming to finalize several long-delayed deals before a major round of tariffs hits dozens of U.S. trading partners. With a 90-day pause on his reciprocal tariff policy set to expire July 9, Trump has vowed to escalate pressure on foreign governments -- not just with levies, but with a wave of formal notices set to begin Monday.
Khamenei Reemerges on Sacred Shiite Day, Framing War as Spiritual Triumph
Iran's Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei made his first public appearance Saturday since the outbreak of the 12-day war between Iran and Israel, emerging during a somber Ashura ceremony in Tehran after weeks of seclusion that raised questions about his health and security.
Israel-Palestinian Conflict
Netanyahu Hails Trump Partnership in White House Dinner Focused on Iran, Gaza, and Abraham Accords
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu praised his partnership with U.S. President Donald Trump as the two leaders met for a high-stakes dinner at the White House, marking a pivotal moment in U.S.-Israel cooperation following coordinated strikes on Iran and a renewed push for a Gaza cease-fire.
Lebanon Responds to U.S. Disarmament Plan as Tensions Flare with Israel
In a pivotal development for the region, Lebanon's new leadership has submitted a detailed response to a U.S. proposal aimed at disarming Hezbollah and de-escalating hostilities with Israel. The plan, delivered last month by U.S. special envoy Thomas Barrack, outlines a four-month timeline for Hezbollah's full disarmament in exchange for an Israeli withdrawal from southern Lebanon and a cessation of airstrikes.
Israel Launches ‘Operation Black Flag’ Against Houthi Ports in Yemen Following Red Sea Ship Attack
Israel launched a series of airstrikes overnight targeting Iranian-backed Houthi rebels in Yemen, after a suspected Houthi drone boat assault on a commercial ship in the Red Sea. The IDF confirmed the strikes as part of a new military campaign dubbed Operation Black Flag, aimed at crippling Houthi terror infrastructure and curbing the group's maritime threat.
Inside the United States
Trump Administration Releases Memo Debunking Epstein Murder and Blackmail Theories
The Trump administration's Department of Justice and FBI have officially concluded there is no evidence that convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein was murdered, blackmailed powerful elites, or kept a hidden "client list," according to a two-page memo obtained by Axios. The findings, based on a years-long federal investigation, aim to silence long-standing conspiracy theories surrounding Epstein's 2019 death in federal custody.
Dozens Of Christian Summer Campers Dead In Texas Flooding; Prayers Urged (Video)
Some 27 campers and counsellors are dead after flooding at Camp Mystic, a Christian summer camp in the U.S. state of Texas that had encouraged young people to maintain faith in Christ.
Christian News
Pakistan: Christian Schoolboy Beaten For Drinking Water From ‘Muslim Teacher’s Glass’
A Christian schoolboy is recovering after he was beaten by his Muslim female teacher for drinking water from her glass at a school in Pakistan’s Punjab province, Christians told Worthy News.
Worthy Insights
Archaeologist says Atlantis ruins found near Cadiz; giant tsunami likely caused its destruction
An archaeologist named Michael Donnellan announced a discovery that he believes could be the legendary lost city of Atlantis. Donnellan asserted that he found submerged structures off the coast of Cádiz, Spain, which correspond closely with the descriptions given by the ancient Greek philosopher Plato.